Adoption Law


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Adoption Law

Establishing Legal Parent/Child Relationship



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What is Adoption Law? Adoption law is a subset of Family Law. These are the laws that govern the process individuals must go through to establish a legal parent/child relationship when it does not exist biologically. The rights, duties, and obligations of adoptive parents will be the same as those of a natural parent, and their adoptive child will take the family surname. In some states, delinquent child support payments will remain in effect even after the child has been adopted. In some adoptions, the relationship between a child and his/her natural parent(s) is severed entirely, although not in “open adoptions” where the relationship is maintained on various levels, to include emails, letters, pictures and even visits.

Adoptions may proceed through adoption agencies or personally, through a family member. And the proceeding may differ based upon who handles the adoption, the child’s age, and whether there is a familial relationship. Regardless of the originating procedures, an adoption must be finalized by a local court judge (or “surrogate” in some jurisdictions) handing down a court order after a hearing. An official decree will then be issued to the adoptive parents and in many cases they may obtain a birth certificate where they are legally displayed as the parents.

Adoption rules and laws are not uniform and therefore, vary from state to state. However, there does exist a general legal consensus that in order to adopt, the prospective adult adoptive parent must prove to be a fit parent. Although it is still more difficult for a single person or a same-sex couple to adopt than a married couple, laws and attitudes are gradually evolving. Visit Us at Google+ Copyright HG.org


Adoption Law - US

  • ABA - Adoption Committee

    Concerned with the operation and effect of the statutes, regulations, judicial decision, rules of court, new directions for legal development and recommendations with regard to adoption of minor children (including those born by natural means as well as by means of artificial insemination and surrogate motherhood as well as parental loss of rights to said children).

  • Adoption Law - Overview

    Adoption law is largely state law. The parent-child relationship established by adoption, however, may have direct consequences in areas of Federal law affected by family status such as Social Security. All 50 states have statutes governing adoption as defined under the Uniform Adoption Act.

  • Child Adoption Laws

    Adoption Services is a full service, non-profit child adoption agency that is licensed in multiple states. Adoption Services provides help to birth mothers, birth fathers and adopting family living in any state in the U.S. or living in any foreign country.

  • Child Citizenship Act of 2000

    The Child Citizenship Act of 2000 allows certain foreign-born, biological and adopted children of American citizens to acquire American citizenship automatically. These children did not acquire American citizenship at birth, but they are granted citizenship when they enter the United States as lawful permanent residents (LPRs).

  • Human Rights Campaign - Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Adoption Rights

    There are several options open to lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender individuals and couples interested in starting a family through adoption. These options vary depending on the parenting laws in your state.

  • Indian Child Welfare Act

    The Indian Child Welfare Act was enacted to ameliorate the problem of the massive removal of Native American children from their homes by both state welfare agencies and private agencies and to ensure that those children, once removed, would be placed in homes that reflect their cultures and traditions.

  • Interstate Compact on the Placement of Children (ICPC)

    The Interstate Compact on the Placement of Children (ICPC) is statutory law in all 52 member jurisdictions and a binding contract between member jurisdictions. The ICPC establishes uniform legal and administrative procedures governing the interstate placement of children.

  • Uniform Adoption Act (1994)

    The guiding principle of the Uniform Adoption Act is a desire to promote the welfare of children and, particularly, to facilitate the placement of minor children who cannot be raised by their original parents with adoptive parents who can offer them stable and loving homes. The Act is premised on a belief that adoption offers significant legal, economic, social and psychological benefits not only for children who might otherwise be homeless, but also for parents who are unable to care for their children, for adults who want to nurture and support children, and for state governments ultimately responsible for the well-being of children.

Organizations Related to Adoption Law - U.S.

  • Adoption and Child Welfare Law Site

    The LawSite is a single online source of child welfare and adoption law information for adoptive and foster parents, biological parents, child and family lawyers, juvenile and family court judges, agency personnel and child advocates of all kinds. The LawSite provides statutes, regulations, key cases, and explanatory materials, and many other resources for child welfare and adoption information.

  • Adoption.com

    Adoption law differs from state to state, and federal laws also affect many procedures connected with the adoption process. It's important that adopting and placing parents, as well as those searching for family members, learn what these laws allow.

  • American Association of Open Adoption Agencies

    The purpose of these AAOAA pages is to give you the best information possible about adoption. The information here will help you find the agency providing the highest quality of infant and older child adoption services.

  • Child Welfare Information Gateway

    These resources provide State, national, and international data and statistics on private, public foster care, and intercountry adoption. Research findings present trends and analyses in the field of adoption.

  • Dave Thomas Foundation for Adoption

    Nonprofit public charity dedicated to dramatically increasing the adoptions of the more than 150,000 children in North America's foster care systems waiting to be adopted. Created by Wendy's founder, Dave Thomas, who was adopted as a child, the Foundation leads signature national service programs and works to streamline the adoption process and make adoption more affordable for families.

  • Evan B. Donaldson Adoption Institute

    The Evan B. Donaldson Adoption Institute periodically publishes Policy Perspectives briefs focusing on important and timely questions in adoption. By examining key issues the Institute furthers its effort to provide accurate, research-based information, enhance understanding and perception of adoption, and work for better laws, policies and practices.

  • Intercountry Adoption - Bureau of Consular Affairs

    The Office of Children's Issues (CI), part of the Bureau of Consular Affairs at the U.S. Department of State, plays an active role in the intercountry adoption process.

  • National Center for Adoption Law and Policy

    The National Center for Adoption Law & Policy seeks to improve the law, policies, and practices associated with child protection and adoption systems. Every day we work towards realizing the goal that all children -- especially those who have been abused or neglected or are dependent on the state for their care -- have safe, healthy, permanent homes. Our primary tools in this regard are education, advocacy, and research.

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