Before the accession of Cyprus to the European Union, the Cypriot courts did not have jurisdiction to issue injunctions with extraterritorial effect. This principle was established by the Supreme Court in the Pastella Case.

If estate assets are located in Germany, German probate law applies. The article gives an introduction to German probate law.

What are the main laws regulating real estate in Ukraine? What are legal restrictions on ownership of real estate by non-residents? Which parties are involved in a real estate transaction in Ukraine? These are the most frequently asked questions before investing in real estate in Ukraine.

En Belgique, la réforme du Code judiciaire applicable à l’expertise judiciaire qui fut votée en avril 2007 est d’application depuis le 1er septembre 2007. Après septe mois de pratique, cet article met en avant les principales nouveautés de cette loi et en tire de premiers enseignements.

For the purpose of harmonisation with the Directives 2004/39/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on Markets in Financial Instruments (“the MiFID”), and Directive 2006/31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of April 5 2006 Cyprus enacted on November 2007 the Law 144 (I)/2007 (“the Law”), that provides for the Supply of Investment Services, the Exercise of Investment Activities, the Function of Regulated Markets and other related issues”.

Franchise agreements are not prescribed by Ukrainian legislation, it (through the Civil Code and the Commercial Code of Ukraine) regulates commercial concession agreements that correspond to a single-unit franchise agreements.

A trademark( ) is, in general, any sign, symbol or means that can distinguish products, goods and services of a specific merchant/service provider from those of his competitors.

The Supreme Court recently recognized and established the jurisdiction of the Cypriot courts to issue discovery and disclosure orders - known as Norwich Pharmacal and Bankers Trust orders.

This article provides a short account of the Cyprus Republic (“Cyprus”) legislative guidelines (hereinafter the “guidelines”) in connection to publicity and the release of information and inside information when securities and financial instruments are offered to the public and/or admitted to trading on a regulated market. It should be noted that the present merely serves as an indicative supplement to the existing legal framework set below and it should be read closely together with the same.

The European Court of Human Rights is an international court based in Strasbourg. It consists of a number of judges equal to the number of member States of the Council of Europe that have ratified the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms – currently forty-five.

As of 1 May 2004, Cyprus, together with nine other countries, has been a full member of the European Community. Cypriots have always viewed the island's accession as a tool for solving our political problem, thus failing to focus on the positive legal implications that it will create by conferring rights upon individuals.

Buying and owning a property in Bulgaria is associated with paying relevant taxes just like when buying a property in the UK or any other country.

The basic prerequisites for the approval of applications by non-EU nationals wishing to undertake a direct investment in Cyprus are highlighted by a recent circular by the Cyprus Central Bank, elaborating on the provisions contained in article 10 of the Capital Movement Law 115(I)2003.

An introduction to energy law in Bulgaria

This introduction guide offers an outline of some legal implications of buying or disposing of residential property in France. It also identifies some of the main pitfalls to avoid.

A new Act of the Commercial Registry shall be in force from 01.01.2008. It concerns the procedure of registration of commercial companies at the territory of Bulgaria, which procedure shall be amended at whole. This fact could be interesting for the investors who would like to carry out business activity in Bulgaria through real estate transactions.